E-commerce with Selenium

import org.testng.annotations.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import java.util.Map;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.*;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.List;
import static org.testng.Assert.*;
import static org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions.*;

// Each line uses a different By on purpose — the comments name them.
public class NovaShopTest {
  static final String BASE = "https://www.practiceqaautomation.com";
  WebDriver driver;
  WebDriverWait wait;

  By tid(String id) { return By.cssSelector("[data-testid='" + id + "']"); }
  void type(By by, String text) { wait.until(elementToBeClickable(by)).sendKeys(text); }
  void click(By by) { wait.until(elementToBeClickable(by)).click(); }

  /** Load a page and wait until the app is interactive (the site sets <html data-app-ready="true">). */
  void open(String path) {
    driver.get(BASE + path);
    wait.until(d -> "true".equals(d.findElement(By.tagName("html")).getDomAttribute("data-app-ready")));
  }

  @BeforeMethod
  public void signIn() {
    ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
    // Turn off Chrome's "Save password?" and "password found in a data breach" pop-ups: after a
    // login they take the keyboard and mouse away from the page, so later typing and clicks are lost.
    options.setExperimentalOption("prefs", Map.of(
        "credentials_enable_service", false,
        "profile.password_manager_enabled", false,
        "profile.password_manager_leak_detection", false));
    driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
    wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10));
    open("/shop");
    type(By.id("username"), "demo_user");                                   // By.id
    type(By.name("password"), "Demo@123");                                  // By.name
    click(By.xpath("//button[normalize-space()='Sign in']"));               // By.xpath: exact text
    wait.until(urlContains("/shop/products"));
  }

  @AfterMethod(alwaysRun = true)
  public void tearDown() { driver.quit(); }

  @Test
  public void buyHeadphonesWithCoupon() {
    type(By.cssSelector("[placeholder='Search products…']"), "headphones");    // By.cssSelector: attribute
    wait.until(numberOfElementsToBe(tid("product-card"), 1));               // data-testid
    click(By.xpath("//li[@data-testid='product-card'][contains(., 'Aurora Wireless Headphones')]//button"));   // scoped XPath
    wait.until(textToBe(tid("cart-badge"), "1"));

    click(By.cssSelector("a[aria-label^='Cart with']"));                    // attribute starts-with
    type(By.cssSelector("[aria-label='Coupon code']"), "SAVE10");
    click(By.xpath("//button[normalize-space()='Apply']"));
    wait.until(textToBePresentInElementLocated(tid("discount"), "$13.00"));

    click(By.linkText("Checkout"));                                         // By.linkText
    type(By.id("first-name"), "Ada");
    type(By.name("last-name"), "Lovelace");
    type(By.cssSelector("input[type='email']"), "ada@example.com");         // by input type
    type(By.id("phone"), "5551234567");
    type(By.xpath("//label[normalize-space()='Street address']/following-sibling::input"), "1 Analytical Way");   // via its label
    type(By.id("city"), "Austin");
    new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("state"))).selectByVisibleText("Texas");
    type(By.name("zip"), "73301");
    type(By.id("card-name"), "Ada Lovelace");
    type(By.cssSelector("[placeholder='4242 4242 4242 4242']"), "4242424242424242");
    type(By.cssSelector("[placeholder='MM/YY']"), "1230");
    type(By.id("card-cvv"), "123");
    click(By.xpath("//label[contains(., 'I agree to the terms')]/input"));
    click(By.xpath("//button[starts-with(normalize-space(), 'Place order')]"));   // the text ends with the total

    // ~2s of "processing" — an explicit wait, not Thread.sleep.
    String orderId = wait.until(visibilityOfElementLocated(tid("order-id"))).getText();
    assertTrue(orderId.matches("NS-\\d+"), "Unexpected order id: " + orderId);
  }

  @Test
  public void sortsByPriceLowToHigh() {
    new Select(wait.until(elementToBeClickable(By.cssSelector("select[aria-label='Sort by']")))).selectByValue("price-asc");
    List<Double> prices = driver.findElements(tid("product-price")).stream()
        .map(e -> Double.parseDouble(e.getText().replace("$", ""))).toList();
    assertEquals(prices, prices.stream().sorted().toList());
  }
}